Diary from the field - cycling from Vietnam to Cambodia

Head of Lendwithcare, Tracey Horner, has embarked on a challenge of a lifetime. For the past seven days Tracey, along with ten other CARE supporters, has cycled from Ho Chi Minh city in Vietnam to Battambang in Cambodia (a gruelling 460km) to raise vital funds for CARE's poverty-fighting programmes. 

Before peddling off into the Mekong Tracey met with one of Lendwithcare's newest microfinance partners, MACDI, who are based in northern Vietnam. 

What follows is her diary from the first six days.


Day 1:

I left a very cold London bound for Hanoi and the first leg of my trip.  Since my trip comprises a field visit to our partner MACDI; a presentation to one of our corporate supporters, Hogan Lovells; a 460k cycle ride; and some beach holiday time at the end, I had to pack a rather diverse range of clothing!

I always look forward to visiting our partners and meeting some of the entrepreneurs we are supporting and although I am looking forward to the challenge of the cycle adventure; having never done anything like this before, and being under prepared I have a bit of trepidation about what might lie ahead.



Day 2:
 

Arrived in Hanoi at 6am and checked into my hotel. I expected it to be cooler in Hanoi than in the south of the country but not 15 degrees as it has turned out to be. I decided to have a wander round Hanoi to get my bearings, followed by a couple of hours sleep.  Min Thai, the CEO of our partner MACDI, came and picked me up for lunch and took me to Hanoi's Ethnology Museum which provided a fascinating insight into the different groups of ethnic Vietnamese. It became clear why so many of the Lendwithcare Vietnamese entrepreneurs have very similar names.  There are only around 60 different surnames in Vietnam, and each area has around five different surnames.  I ended the day with a little stroll back to the hotel, giving myself time to take in this vibrant city.



Day 3: 

Today we went on a trip to the famous Ha Long Bay.  It was a 6 hour round trip to get there but it was well worth it - despite the weather being cold, cloudy and foggy.  Later that day I met with Regan Leahy, from Hogan Lovells citizenship team, who is accompanying me on the field trip since she is taking part in the sponsored cycle ride later in the week.

Day 4:

Regan and I left the hotel at 8am to travel three hours to Hoa Binh province where some of the entrepreneurs we have supported through Lendwithcare are located.  The car journey gave us the opportunity to learn more about MACDI's work from Min Thai and in particular learn about the broader work they do in addition to microloans.  It is clear that Min Thai is passionate about her mission to improve the lives of poor people, particularity those living in remote rural areas of Vietnam.  


Life is very hard indeed if you are far from a town or city with few assets and no access to formal financial services. The closer we got to our destination the more obvious the difference became between the big cities and the rural communities. 




We arrived at MACDI's tiny office which is home to five loan officers and one other member of staff.  The office is rented at a very low cost from the local authority.  We also met with two local officials who told me how much they value the work of MACDI - particularly the work they do to improve the environment by helping people install bio gas facilities to turn their animal waste into gas.  


They also mentioned that they appreciate the training that MACDI give to borrowers, training in things like animal care, protection of the environment and home sanitation.





To see some of MACDI's assistance in action, Regan and I visited a home that was in the process of having a bio gas plant installed.  It was a very interesting process to see. It starts by digging a massive hole in which they put the chamber that the waste will flow into and later be turned into bio gas. 

MACDI worked very hard to set up a relationship with a local bio gas installing company to negotiate a good price for their borrowers. A part of the agreement includes after care assistance, which ensures that if there is any future maintenance needed the borrower is able to access this help for free or at a greatly reduced price.

This is the theme that ran through my visit, MACDI linking people with the private sector - and also trying to link borrowers to appropriate markets for their products.

After watching the bio gas installation, we visited a couple more entrepreneurs. Part of a Lendwithcare evaluation is to check a random sample of entrepreneurs that appear on the website and ensure that all the details match up with the loan that the borrower has received.

Every house we visited began with a ritual of pouring us all some green tea - delicious but there is only so much green tea you can drink in one day!

That night we stayed in the only hotel in the area.  It was very cold in this mountainous region - so cold that both Regan and I slept in our clothes!

Day 5: 

Regan and I left the hotel at 8am and ate a bowl of Pho (noodle soup) for breakfast and visited a number of Lendwithcare entrepreneurs.

The first women we met was called Phoung Dinh Thi. 

One of the things I always ask Lendwithcare entrepreneurs about is their children and on this occasion, as soon as I did so, Phuong Dinh Thi started to cry.  She explained how, her disabled daughter had died only last May.  

She had spent months prior to her daughter's death at home caring for her daughter and had to spend all their meagre savings on medical treatment.  As a mother who has also lost a child it was very hard to listen to Phuong Dinh's story and not be visibly moved. 

Phuong Dinh has one other child and she said that the loan from Lendwithcare has helped her a lot since she was able to buy some pigs and chickens as well as 10 geese which will provide an income for her and her family.  In the future she would like to buy a motorbike as this would make her life a lot easier - it is very remote and she has to walk a long way with a very heavy load to take her rice to the mill and then the local market.  She would also be able to take her son to school which is a 6km walk away.

Between visits we stopped along the roadside many times to buy produce from local people; Min Thai said she always likes to buy from the local people. She is actually in the process of setting up a website to showcase products to others in Vietnam and help her clients find a market for their products.

At the end of a long day of meeting Lendwithcare entrepreneurs we returned on the three hour journey to Hanoi and spent the night in Hanoi.

Day 6:

The next day we visited Hogan Lovells in their Hanoi office to give a presentation about Lendwithcare and have a meeting with Hogan Lovells and the MACDI staff. 

Min Thai took the opportunity to set up the sale of a pig from one of her borrowers to a Hogan Lovells staff member. As the new year (Tet) holiday is approaching it is common for people to buy lots of food for the celebration.
 

Later that day I flew from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh city to stay the night at a colleague's house. Tim Bishop works for CARE International UK but is based in Vietnam as a Regional Private Sector Engagement Specialist, he has been working for many years on promoting the role of business and markets in development and has a fantastic blog, which I highly recommend.   

Tomorrow the cycling starts ... and I have to say, I'm not quite sure I'm ready for this ... I'll keep you posted!

By Tracey Horner

How to increase investment in micro-enterprises (and get your money back)

This blog was orginally posted on CARE Insights.

Today CARE has submitted written evidence to the International Development Committee (IDC) of the House of Commons on our peer-to-peer lending network, Lendwithcare. (For a snappier and more entertaining overview of Lendwithcare, see our new Christmas animation above.) The IDC is currently looking at jobs and livelihoods and is interested to understand more about the role that a relatively new way of funding micro-enterprises can play in generating growth and jobs in developing countries.


Lendwithcare.org has been hugely successful since its launch four years ago, and now supports over 14,000 MSMEs by engaging online with over 18,000 lenders who have each, on average, loaned £35, raising nearly £5 million in the last four years. These really are loans – almost all are repaid within the agreed timescale. To date, only death and major disasters, like Typhoon Haiyan, have prevented our microentrepreneurs from repaying. Of course, our committed lenders very frequently recycle their loans to other entrepreneurs, keeping money in the system and reaching more businesses.

Lenders find Lendwithcare a compelling proposition: they can choose who to lend to, based on detailed information on the individual and their business plans, they get regular feedback on progress, and they know that they are helping resourceful individuals lift themselves and their families out of poverty. And they get all of this within a web experience in their own language, culture and currency. The other compelling aspect is that, when you put money into Lendwithcare, 100% of the money goes to the entrepreneur who is borrowing – CARE does not take a slice off the top. Rather, our modest administration costs are met from other funding within CARE, and until recently, by sponsorship from the Co-operative Group.

The opportunity (and the key issue)

There is a lot of scope for expanding Lendwithcare’s operations – there is certainly no shortage of small enterprises requiring loans. And we believe that there are many more microfinance institutions out there who are likely to meet our (demanding) criteria. We know this because Lendwithcare only lends in nine countries, compared to the 80 countries in total in which CARE International works.

We also believe that there are considerable opportunities for expanding the lender community of the Lendwithcare model. For instance, we believe that it is likely to be successful in other European countries where there already exists a CARE office. As this includes Germany, France, Austria, Norway and Denmark, there is a lot of opportunity. We would also like to explore rapidly developing countries such as India and Brazil. We know that lenders find it important to link with an organisation in their own country, for reasons of language, currency, tax laws and cultural affinity.

All of which would take some more investment – but we know that we can raise loans to the value of seven times the marketing and administration investment. This is a powerful win-win-win between CARE’s mission to end poverty, an individual’s desire to use some of their own hard-earned cash to help others, and entrepreneurs’ drive to build strong businesses to lift themselves and others out of poverty.

So now all we have to do is find the cash to pay for some administration and marketing…

By Gerry Boyle
CARE International UK's Senior Policy Adviser on Private Sector Engagement

Download our written evidence in full here.

Is peer-to-peer (P2P) lending an efficient way to support microfinance?

The Lendwithcare.org Homepage

Peer-to-peer (P2P) micro-lending platforms, such as lendwithcare, have become a popular method of supporting small businesses in developing countries. Local microfinance institutions (MFIs) select borrowers and appraise their loan applications, which if approved, are financed by the P2P platform. Lendwithcare was established in 2010 and to date some 17,000 individual lenders have financed loans to more than 8,000 borrowers across ten countries.  Our experience over the past four years is that as their loans are repaid, lenders invariably re-lend; rather than withdraw their money. While lendwithcare has proven to be very popular with supporters, is it an efficient way for MFIs to access funding?

The obvious attraction for MFIs is that they do not have to pay any interest whatsoever on the capital they receive from lendwithcare. Although some MFIs are permitted to accept savings, most of our partners are legally prohibited from accepting deposits. Therefore, in common with many other MFIs, they must rely on external loans to finance their lending. Typically, they access capital from Microfinance Investment Vehicles (MIVs); these are specialist microfinance investment investors such as Blue Orchard, Oikocredit, Triodos and responsAbility, and from local commercial banks. Both these categories of lenders charge interest on their loans, although the MIVs typically charge lower rates than commercial banks and some also provide technical assistance and expertise.

Although lendwithcare does not charge any interest, the funding we provide is not cost free for our MFI partners. This is because they have to visit borrowers, collect details regarding their businesses, take photographs, upload all this information onto the lendwithcare website and then provide further updates on borrowers’ businesses. If the MFI’s clients are living in isolated villages spread over a large area then the administrative obligations associated with participating in lendwithcare could be considerable. This could mean that any benefits arising from interest free capital might be negated by an increase in operational costs. This raises the question, might it actually be cheaper for MFIs to simply access capital from the MIVs and other commercial lenders, even though they have to pay interest, than from lendwithcare?

During a recent visit to Cambodia, this is a question I posed to the Cambodian Community Savings Federation (CCSF) who have been working with lendwithcare for the past three years. CCSF works with rural clients, mainly rice farmers, in the provinces of Battambang and Banteay Meanchey in North West Cambodia. Pisey Phal, CCSF’s CEO, confessed that while they do access loans from several MIVs they prefer funding from lendwithcare because it is much cheaper for them.

Lendwithcare Entrepreneur with CCSF loan officer © CARE/Nancy Thomas

Pisey mentioned that during 2013 lendwithcare provided CCSF with US$416,000 to fund loans to more than 500 individual borrowers as well as a small grant to help with administrative costs. CCSF used the donation to cover the salary paid to one employee who was contracted specifically to work on lendwithcare – the grant just about covered all of his annual salary, although it did not cover his expenditure on fuel and the small amount of time that other staff, particularly the finance manager, spent on lendwithcare related duties. To access an equivalent amount of funding from an MIV or commercial lender, CCSF would have had to pay at least US$32,800 in interest charges, possibly more. Pisey added that lendwithcare funding would still be cheaper for them even had it not received the administrative grant. She added that the greatest advantage of lendwithcare funding is that it provided CCSF with a secure source of funding over a longer period of time, loans from MIVs in contrast are generally for shorter periods of 1-2 years. Furthermore, since loans from lendwithcare are repaid monthly and transfers simply offset against new loans being financed, Pisey mentioned that the exposure to possible currency fluctuations is greatly reduced.

From discussions with lendwithcare’s other MFI partners, they make an effort to ensure that any extra administrative costs are kept to a minimum by integrating lendwithcare duties with other routine operational tasks. For example, our partner in Ecuador, Fundacion de Apoyo Comunitario y Social del Ecuador, requests several loan officers from three branch offices to each collect four borrower profiles every month. The loan officers estimate that lendwithcare adds on average just an extra 1-2 hours to their monthly work burdens – they already visit borrowers to assess the feasibility of their loan application, the only extra work associated with lendwithcare is taking photographs and preparing a narrative for the website.  By dividing extra responsibilities related to lendwithcare between several staff, there is actually only a marginal increase in administrative work.

By Dr Ajaz Ahmed Khan, Microfinance Advisor at CARE International UK

Three findings from Lendwithcare’s partners which refute the pessimists on (indirect) peer to peer microfinance

This article is a re-post that first appeared on CARE Insights.

CARE's own microlending initiative, Lendwithcare.org, welcomed its Microfinance Institution partners from around the world to a workshop in London last week. The members highlighted how microcredit remains effective in fighting poverty, how peer-to-peer platforms can support this, and how social performance can be effectively measured and incorporated into its delivery.

All of this is in contrast to recent questions from sceptics over whether the peer-to-peer micro lending model really helps tackle poverty.

© 2012 Wolfgang Gressmann/CARE

Lendwithcare is a microloan platform that enables individuals to make small loans via local Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) to people in low-income countries to help start or expand a small business. Providing affordable and appropriate financial services can help the poorest earn a living, make investments in their homes, make them less vulnerable in emergencies, grow their businesses and create new jobs. Lendwithcare is based on the Kiva model, and has been developed by CARE International to reflect more than 20 years' experience in developing and implementing microfinance programmes across the developing world.

Our recent Lendwithcare workshop was the first time all eight of our microfinance partners had been together to share ideas on best practice, discuss challenges and make plans for a more innovative and impact-driven partnership. And in light of the recent peer-to-peer/microcredit debate, allow us to share three key observations:

1. Dismissing microcredit as ineffective is old news

Like any good development model microfinance has evolved and transformed to better meet needs. The majority of those still working in microfinance agree the traditional narrative of microcredit being the silver bullet for poverty alleviation is hugely oversimplified and not based on evidence. Over the years the model has evolved from microcredit, to microfinance and now Financial Inclusion, following the sector's conscious move away from a limited and limiting poverty alleviation tool to a broader and more appropriate intervention.

The MFIs that Lendwithcare partners with reflect this changing tide in the provision of financial services to the poor. The diverse financial and non-financial products they offer demonstrate a commitment to designing and delivering appropriate products for the specific communities they serve. These products range from interest free "liberation loans" to people who are struggling to repay debt owed to local moneylenders in Pakistan, to health insurance for groups of women in Benin, to training on reproductive health and domestic violence in Ecuador.

While our partners' operations do still centre around the provision of small loans and in many cases savings, even these are starting to look less 'standard' as MFIs move to make their products more appropriate for their clients, now covering, for example, home improvement, education and sanitation loans.

2. Peer-to-peer lending platforms can help MFIs meet their social aims

A worrying criticism levelled at peer-to-peer microloan platforms is that they are not an efficient way for MFIs to access capital. The sole programmatic aim of Lendwithcare is to relieve some of the financial pressure felt by socially-driven MFIs by providing them with a source of interest free capital, thus helping them to avoid any mission drift. Mission drift can occur when the pressure to cover costs and attain financial self-sufficiency results in an organisational bias towards financial aims often at the expense of its social goals.

Of course there are some additional costs involved for an MFI working with a peer-to-peer platform like Lendwithcare and we recognise this by providing a small annual administrative grant to all of our partners. Feedback from our MFI partners at the workshop was that although initial implementation of the Lendwithcare partnership required a bit of work and training, once this initial stage is complete it did not add significantly to their operational costs. In fact the requirements of the Lendwithcare programme should not differ from normal loan provision practices (i.e. collection of loan applications, business and borrower appraisals, repayment collection), the only exception being the required photograph of each borrower.

Interestingly, apart from the benefits of accessing interest free capital through Lendwithcare, which all of our partners identified as more desirable than trying to access interest-bearing commercial loans, they identified additional advantages to the partnership. These included access to technical assistance via CARE's vast networks, help in developing more innovative products (including the facility to support social businesses) and providing linkages with formal markets, and the opportunity to promote their work and mission to people around the world through the Lendwithcare website.

Significantly, some partners mentioned that since Lendwithcare provided capital without interest they were able to pass this benefit on to borrowers by reducing their interest rates.

3. Effective Social Performance Management (SPM) is challenging but possible

As part of CARE's commitment to tracking the social impact of our work, we must have some way of gauging that our partners (all of whom have a social mission) are really doing what they say they are doing. In addition to the work we do at CARE to monitor each of our partners and track the money we raise through our platform, the workshop revealed a fairly wide variety of social impact monitoring practices from our partners. These practices ranged from fully operationalised poverty alleviation tools like the PPI, to academic impact studies, to collecting social performance data for objective information providers such as MIX.

Most of our partners admitted that achieving the correct balance between financial and social objectives was challenging and they identified the key challenges as:

1. Cost of implementing an effective poverty assessment tool and resourcing continued evaluation.
2. Lack of incentive for staff to incorporate social objectives into their day-to-day activities.
3. Inadequate regulation due to a lack of differentiation by financial regulators between social and commercial MFIs.

Over the next year, CARE will be working closely with our partners to help roll out appropriate impact assessment tools.

Like the entire Financial Inclusion sector, the peer-to-peer model is evolving and we fully intend on evolving with it. Opportunities like our recent workshop allow us to improve what we do, learn from our mistakes and focus our minds on what we are really trying to achieve – providing poor people with access to a full range of suitable and affordable financial services.

And good peer-to-peer microloan models - in partnership with good MFIs - can help to achieve this.

By Nancy Thomas, lendwithcare Executive at CARE International UK

We did it! £3m of lendwithcare loans to entrepreneurs in developing countries!

The past year has seen phenomenal growth at lendwithcare.org. At that stage we were celebrating £1m of loans made. In March this year we commemorated the doubling of that monumental amount! And I am thrilled to tell you that last week, on 30^thAugust 2013, we smashed through that and our 3 millionth pound was lent by Sharon from Suffolk to Mrs Essowouna Simbama from Togo! Thus far, lendwithcare lenders have:

•        Made over 80,000 loans
•         To fully fund over 5,000 entrepreneurs
•         From seven different developing countries

Supporting more and more entrepreneurs to improve their lives and create a better future for them and for their families.

Astounding, isn’t it?  This achievement is the work of our fantastic lenders – congratulations and thank you for your support!

By Teresa Hall, Lendwithcare Volunteer

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